What Is Blood Pressure? | Full Information (Hypertension)

 

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood throughout the body. It is measured using two numbers: systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the higher number and represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats or contracts. Diastolic pressure is the lower number and represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

Blood pressure is usually measured using a device called a sphygmomanometer, which consists of a cuff that is placed around the upper arm and inflated with air. As the air is released from the cuff, a healthcare provider listens for the sound of blood flowing through the artery using a stethoscope. The measurement is expressed as systolic pressure over diastolic pressure, such as 120/80 mmHg.

Normal blood pressure is typically considered to be below 120/80 mmHg. However, blood pressure can vary throughout the day and can be affected by factors such as stress, exercise, and caffeine consumption. A single high reading does not necessarily indicate hypertension, but repeated high readings may require further evaluation and treatment.

High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently high. It is often referred to as a "silent killer" because it typically has no symptoms but can cause serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage if left untreated.

There are several risk factors for hypertension, including age, family history, being overweight or obese, smoking, lack of physical activity, a diet high in sodium, and chronic stress.

Treatment for high blood pressure may include lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet low in sodium and high in fruits and vegetables, and stress management techniques, as well as medication if necessary. It is important to monitor blood pressure regularly and follow a treatment plan as directed by a healthcare provider to prevent complications.